On the APA reference page, you list all the sources that you've cited in your paper. The list starts on a new page right after the body text. Follow these instructions to set up your APA reference page: Place the section label "References" in bold at the top of the page (centered). Order the references alphabetically. Double-space all text.
APA Style citations consist of two parts: In-text citation: A brief citation in parentheses when you mention a source, citing the author's last name and the year of publication, e.g. (Smith, 2019). It identifies the full source in the reference list. Reference list entry: Full publication details listed on the reference page, which appears at
In APA style you use the author-date citation system for citing references within your paper. You incorporate these references using either a parenthetical or a narrative style. Parenthetical Citations. In parenthetical citations, the author name and publication date appear in parentheses, separated by a comma. (Jones, 2018)
For a song or track reference, the author of the work is usually the recording artist, which may be an individual or group. If a music artist prefers to use their first name and surname, then follow the APA guideline to invert the author's name as "Surname, First Initial" in your reference (e.g., "Smith, S." for singer and songwriter
Parenthetical citations: (American Psychiatric Association, 1980, 1987, 1994, 2000, 2013, 2022) References to diagnostic manuals and entries are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Sections 10.2 and 10.3 and the Concise Guide Section 10.2 and 10.3. This guidance has been revised from the 6th edition.
APA style was developed by the American Psychological Association in 1929. The team of academics from the psychology, anthropology, and business fields who developed APA style sought to create standardized style guidelines for scientific writing that would make academic papers in their fields easier for people to read and comprehend.
Citation Styles & Tools Quick MLA, APA, and Chicago style guides for bibliographies; tools for storing and organizing sources. Course Reserves Library materials reserved for your classes. Collections & Archives Unique online and physical collections on specific subjects, in distinct formats, and in special archives.
Narrative citations: American Psychological Association (2015) and Merriam-Webster (2003) Dictionary entry references are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Section 10.3 and the Concise Guide Section 10.3. This guidance has been revised from the 6th edition. OH4VZBZ.
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